Holy Apostolic SeeUnited Roman-Ruthenian Church
The Catholicate of Rome-Ruthenia

How the Roman-Ruthenian Pope Is Chosen

The Roman-Ruthenian papacy forms part of a semi-hereditary, semi-elective ecclesiastical and dynastic order. This structure joins dynastic continuity with canonical confirmation or election, preserving the inherited patrimony of the Church and State while entrusting continued ecclesiastical leadership to the duly constituted Patriarchal Electors.

One Office with Several Dimensions

The Roman-Ruthenian Pope serves as Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church, Catholicos of Rome-Ruthenia, and Prince-Bishop of Rome-Ruthenia.

Each title expresses a particular dimension of the same office:

  • Supreme Pontiff expresses the Pope’s Petrine ministry and supreme ecclesiastical authority within the United Roman-Ruthenian Church.

  • Catholicos expresses his patriarchal jurisdiction over the clergy, faithful, and constituent jurisdictions of the Catholicate of Rome-Ruthenia.

  • Prince-Bishop expresses the union of ecclesiastical government with the temporal and dynastic custodianship of the Pontifical Imperial State of Rome-Ruthenia and leadership of the Diocese of Rome-Ruthenia.

Together, these responsibilities unite spiritual leadership, patriarchal governance, and stewardship of the Roman-Ruthenian inheritance.

The Patriarchal Electors

The canonical process recognizes two forms of succession to the Patriarchal office.

When a lawful successor exists within the established dynastic line, the Patriarchal Electors confirm that succession. If no successor remains in that line, the electors choose a new successor, who succeeds to the same continuing ecclesiastical dynasty and assumes its historic coat of arms and inherited dynastic patrimony.

The Patriarchal Electors include the College of Cardinals of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church, designated electoral Prince-Bishops, and others duly appointed under the Church’s canonical order.

The electors exercise an institutional responsibility belonging to the continuing government of the Church. Their role preserves canonical order and ensures that accession to the Patriarchal and papal office takes place within the established life of the Holy Apostolic See.

Both forms of succession continue the same dynasty, patrimony, and ecclesiastical office.

Confirmation, Election, Conferral, and Pontifical Accession

Confirmation of a hereditary successor or election of a new successor constitutes the central canonical act by which the Patriarchal office continues.

Following confirmation or election, the applicable acts of conferral, and completion of succession, the successor exercises the papal office as Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church.

The title of Pope belongs to the ecclesiastical office and jurisdiction received through this institutional process. The Supreme Pontiff exercises his authority within the autocephalous United Roman-Ruthenian Church—the Eastern Roman Church with Latin heritage—and serves as the visible head and guardian of its unity.

The hereditary and elective principles therefore operate together. Dynastic succession preserves continuity of identity, stewardship, arms, and inherited patrimony. The Patriarchal Electors provide the canonical confirmation or election through which the continuing office is entrusted to its holder.

Continuity Expressed Through Service

The Roman-Ruthenian understanding of succession is fundamentally one of responsibility. The Pope receives an office entrusted with preserving the Apostolic faith, maintaining canonical order, serving the clergy and faithful, and safeguarding the spiritual and historical patrimony of Rome-Ruthenia.

The semi-hereditary, semi-elective system consequently concerns more than the transmission of dignity or title. It provides for the continuation of an active ministry exercised through worship, teaching, pastoral care, administration, diplomacy, humanitarian service, and guardianship of the Church’s inherited institutions.

Further information may be found in the official accounts of the Roman-Ruthenian Papacy, the Office of the Supreme Pontiff, and the Church’s Patriarchal Succession.

The Election and Pontifical Accession of Pope Radislav I of Rome-Ruthenia

His Apostolic Highness the Most Holy Pope Radislav I of Rome-Ruthenia is the Prince-Bishop and Catholicos of Rome-Ruthenia and Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church. 

Election to the Patriarchal office

In 2011, Pope Radislav was elected Anglican Patriarch of the Anglican Patriarchate of Rome. That Patriarchate was one of the constituent jurisdictions that later united with the Gallo-Russo-Byzantine Catholicate in 2023 to establish the present united institutional form of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church. The Patriarchal office and its succession continued within the united Church. The election was conducted by the Church’s duly constituted Patriarchal Electors. 

The Patriarchal Electors form the canonical electoral body responsible for choosing the holder of the Patriarchal office. They include the College of Cardinals of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church, designated electoral Prince-Bishops, and others appointed according to the Church’s canonical order. His election placed him within the continuing institutional governance and Patriarchal succession of the Church.

Conferral of the Roman-Ruthenian Papal Office

In 2014, the papal office and title were formally conferred upon the Prince-Bishop of Rome-Ruthenia, then serving as Anglican Patriarch of Rome, together with full papal authority within his own jurisdiction. This grant established the pontifical authority from which the dignity and designation of Supreme Pontiff proceed.

During the continuing succession, the designation Coadjutor of Rome remained in use. Upon completion of the succession and the full public manifestation of the papal office in 2025, that transitional designation was discontinued, and Pope Radislav began formally using the designation Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church.*

The succession thus proceeded through a sequence of institutional acts: the Patriarchal election of 2011, the pontifical grant of 2014, the ecclesiastical union of 2023, and the completion of succession in 2025.

As Roman-Ruthenian Pope, he exercises the Petrine ministry within the autocephalous jurisdiction of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church. As Catholicos, he exercises Patriarchal jurisdiction within the Catholicate of Rome-Ruthenia. As Prince-Bishop, he holds the temporal and dynastic custodianship joined to the office through the Diocese of Rome-Ruthenia and the Pontifical Imperial State.

Apostolic and Jurisdictional Succession

Pope Radislav stands within the Church’s documented Roman and Eastern lines of Apostolic succession, transmitted through sacramental episcopal consecration. He also stands within its jurisdictional and Patriarchal succession, through which ecclesiastical office and authority continue within the Holy Apostolic See.

Apostolic succession records the transmission of episcopal orders. Jurisdictional succession records the continuity of ecclesiastical office and authority. The Roman-Ruthenian pontificate brings these dimensions together in the living government and sacramental ministry of the Church.

The United Church

Standing in unbroken Apostolic and jurisdictional succession from the Church founded in AD 33, the present united institutional form of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church was established in 2023 through the union of the former Anglican Patriarchate of Rome and the Gallo-Russo-Byzantine Catholicate. Pope Radislav’s pontificate predates that union. The unification gathered the constituent jurisdictions and their complementary Eastern and Western inheritances into one ecclesiastical body under the existing Roman-Ruthenian pontifical and Patriarchal leadership.

Today, Pope Radislav serves as Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church, continuing a ministry encompassing ecclesiastical governance, pastoral service, education, diplomacy, humanitarian work, and the preservation of the Church’s Roman, Ruthenian, Byzantine, Anglican, and Old Catholic patrimonies.

Further information is available in his official biography, the account of the Roman-Ruthenian Papacy, and the documented records of Apostolic and Patriarchal succession.


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A note on names: Radislav Romanovich Johnson is the legally registered name of Pope Radislav I of Rome-Ruthenia. His ecclesiastical and public name, Pope Radislav I of Rome-Ruthenia, is formally documented in his United States passport under the United States Department of State’s “known as” endorsement. During his earlier ecclesiastical service as Bishop and Cardinal, he was known as Rutherford Johnson, the name under which he also published and taught.

* Historical terminology: During the transitional development of the office, the style Grand Pontiff of the Anglican Rite appeared in certain institutional usage prior to the Union. It referred to the same developing public pontifical office and was superseded by Supreme Pontiff of the United Roman-Ruthenian Church upon completion of the succession and full public manifestation in 2025.